![]() It may be a single joint (monoarthritis) or several (please see polyarthritis). ![]() To prevent this from happening it is advisable to feed a high-quality food with an appropriate amount of fibre together with regular exercise.Īrthritis is a term covering diseases that affect the joints in the body from jaw and spine to the limbs. The latter will be followed up by antibiotics and possible anti-inflammatory medication. Occasionally more invasive surgery is required. If the glands are only impacted the fluid can be squeezed out but, in case of infection the dog will quite often have to undergo a procedure under anaesthesia to clean out the impaction, remove dead tissue, and disinfect the area. constipation or pain when toileting/sitting.Normally these sacs are emptied when the dog defecates but, if that does not happen, they become impacted. ![]() They are filled with a putrid substance produced by the glands, with which dogs identify each other and mark their territory. Treatment consists of corticosteroids, removal of the irritant (using hypoallergenic shampoos or other specialist solutions), and where possible creating barriers (socks, fabric, bandages) and avoidance.Īnal sacs are located on either side of the anus. It is most often found in hairless or sparsely haired areas of skin and localised to where contact was made and the substance reached the skin. Atopy can also increase the likelihood of contact dermatitis because of hair loss and inflammation making the skin more susceptible. These principally include plants and chemicals, and the differentiation from atopy is sometimes blurred. This is an allergic reaction to irritants with which the skin comes in contact. Some evidence indicates that diets rich in essential fatty acids might be helpful, as well as desensitisation. Treatment consists of corticosteroids and antibiotics if necessary. Removal or avoidance of the allergen/s is normally impossible. The condition is often progressive and relapsing. Symptoms are generalised itching, reddened and thickened skin, secondary bacterial infections, greasy skin (seborrhoea), and possibly conjunctivitis. This is caused by environmental allergens that are inhaled or ingested, such as pollen, dust mites, mould, and others. SkinĪpart from other allergies or disease that can create symptoms in the skin, there are two recognised skin allergies: Atopic dermatitis (atopy) ![]() Adding to the complexity in diagnosing and treating the condition is the fact that dogs are almost invariably allergic to more than one substance. The only way to establish the cause is an exclusion diet- this means feeding a single protein on a trial and error basis until the source of the allergy is found. There seems to be a general genetic predisposition, but it is now thought that external factors such as environmental ones or antibiotics given as a puppy might also play a role. The result is an inflammatory process that can affect various parts of the body, not just the digestive tract. They emerge when the immune system perceives a component to be a foreign body that needs to be attacked, most often a protein. Treatment depends on the severity of any secondary condition, especially dermatitis, but will include a pesticide to be used on the dog and another one to eradicate the environmental burden (on bedding, carpets, coats, etc.) Foodįood allergies are quite common in dogs and must not be confused with food intolerances. in extreme cases pale gums and other mucous membranes due to severe blood lossįor every mature flea there are many immature ones and eggs on the animal but even more so in the environment, creating a source for maintaining the infestation.biting at areas the dog can get to, e.g.These are in fact bits of dried blood- not faeces, as is often thought. Other traces are tiny brown crumbs on the animal’s skin, usually called flea dirt. The fleas and their eggs can also be seen, although in longhaired dogs that is often difficult. Signs are raised, little red specks on the skin. evidence of pain during or after eatingĬaused by substances in flea saliva when they bite into the skin to suck blood in an advanced form it leads to Flea Allergy Dermatitis.The causes are a damaged or weak sphincter muscle in the muscular tube that separates the gullet and stomach but can also be a side effect of long-term medication. It is more common than generally thought and is harmful when it erodes the lining of the oesophagus, causing inflammation and ulcers. If it occurs, it is called gastroesophageal or acid reflux. Under normal circumstances the digestive fluid in the stomach (a mix of enzymes and acid) is prevented from getting into the oesophagus.
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